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Typology of interventions for antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture systems in LMICs
27/12/21 04:07PM
Garza, M., Mohan, C.V., Brunton, L., Wieland, B. and Häsler, B. 2021. /. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 106495.
Abstract/Description
Indiscriminate antimicrobial use (AMU) in aquaculture to treat and
prevent disease is common and can lead to the emergence of antimicrobial
resistant microorganisms and potentially impact public health and
connected ecosystems. This study aimed to develop a typology to classify
and characterise interventions to reduce AMU in aquaculture and
identify points of action. A total of 17 aquaculture and animal health
professionals in Asian and African countries were interviewed to gather
information on characteristics of interventions in different contexts to
develop a typology. Seven types of interventions were defined, namely
i) legislation and regulations, ii) industry rules and standards, iii)
voluntary instruments, iv) commercial technology and alternatives to
antimicrobials, v) on-farm management, vi) learning and awareness
raising, vii) activities with co-benefits. Types were based on the
intervention function, scope of implementation, implementer, compulsion,
strength of the intervention, AMU/AMR objective and stakeholder to
influence. For each type, examples were described and discussed.
The most common interventions to address AMU and AMR were legislative
and regulatory frameworks and voluntary instruments, including National
Action Plans for AMR. Interventions addressing AMU and AMR specifically
were scarce. Other interventions focused on indirect effect pathways to
AMU and AMR reduction aiming to improve good aquaculture practices,
disease prevention and improved management. . Monitoring and evaluation
of these interventions were found to be rare, only present for
interventions driven by development projects and international
agencies.
The presented typology of existing strategies and interventions
addressing AMU/AMR in aquaculture systems can guide evaluation of
AMR-sensitive interventions that promote responsible AMU, and informs
the design and implementation of future interventions.
Permanent link to cite or share this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10568/116745
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