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Studying the Water Scarcity in the Downstream Due to Factors in the Upstream—A Case Study
31/12/21 08:22AM
Tham Hong Duong. In, 325-33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022.
Abstract: Many previous studies both nationwide and worldwide have indicated negative impacts of hydropower dams on land and water use, especially in Lower Mekong River Basin (LMRB). This article aims to analyze the sustainability in living conditions, concerning the issues in social-economic, and environmental aspects among LMRB countries. Data of natural and man-made conditions of the upstream sub-region or regions are collected for a specified period and a correlation model on some typical variables and parameters is studied. The conflicts both visible and invisible categories between Mekong River Commission countries, i.e., Water Scarcity, Drought, Salinity intrusion, and negative impacts on Social, Economic, Environmental aspects and policy are firstly analyzed. Secondly, a matrix of correlation between the factors explains partially the relationship between causes and effects in a complicated system. By prescribing eight variables concerning main factors upstream, and using their average values, data of the four countries such as Lao, Thai, Cambodia, and Vietnam are tabulated. From this table, the matrix of correlation between the factors is found. Then based upon the equation of water balance, together with increasing or decreasing trends of the correlation between variables, the water scarcity downstream is explained. Finally, this paper discusses some measures for mitigating water scarcity in the region.

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