Abstract: Mangroves provide an array of benefits to coastal communities, including wood and non-wood forest products and environmental services encompassing coastal hazard protection, erosion control, water filtration and bio-diversity conservation. Mangroves are also valuable in terms of climate change mitigation due to high rates of primary productivity and the large amounts of carbon contained in above- and below-ground biomass and mangrove soils. --- In spite of their many values, mangroves in Asia continue to be converted to other land uses and sustainable financing for their protection has not been forthcoming. This has resulted from limited length project cycles, lack of established Payment for Ecosystem Service (PES) schemes covering mangroves, unclear tenure in many mangrove areas, and the limited size of mangrove areas in relation to the economies of scale necessary to offset costs associated with accessing carbon payments. --- This publication was prepared for the ‘Income for coastal communities for mangrove protection’ project (2015-2016) which aimed to develop a low-cost mechanism enabling public and private entities to responsibly promote mangrove conservation, carbon emissions reduction and sustainable development through the provision of incentives to local communities. The project was funded by the Swedish International Development Cooperation
Agency (SIDA) through the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and within the framework of the Mangroves for the Future (MFF) initiative. The project was implemented by the FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (RAP) in partnership with the USAID Lowering Emissions in Asia’s Forests (USAID LEAF) Programme and UN-REDD. Pilot activities and information collection took place in Pakistan, Thailand and Viet Nam.

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