Abstract: The Mekong River basin, one of the basins with the highest levels of biodiversity in the world, plays a crucial role in livelihoods and food security in the countries along this river. Today, the downstream area, including Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam, is facing major challenges in water resources security and food security. The two main causes leading to this threat are climate change and unsustainable water exploitation activities of some countries in the basin. Based on the research methods of the science of international relations, the article clarifies the role of the Mekong River Commission (MRC) in addressing food security and water resources security in the downstream area. From the research results, the author raises some urgent issues that the members of MRC must pay attention to and adjust to promote the role of the MRC in regional and international in the future.
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